初中英语句型转换解析:主动语态改被动语态
编者按:在英语学习中,句型转换是考查你是否已经真正掌握语法知识的重要方法。你知道英语中如何将主动语态改为被动语态吗?下面小编分享了主动句和被动句之间的转换方法,快点学起来吧!
主动语态改被动语态的方法
一.三步骤
1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的“be+过去分词”结构;时态要与原句保持一致。
3.将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语,放在谓语动词之后(有时可省略)。如果原句主语是地点名词,在被动语态中用in + 地点名词作状语。
二.含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况:
1. 把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语,直接宾语仍保留原位;
He gave the boy anapple.
→The boy was givenan apple.
2. 把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语,此时,间接宾语前要加介词to或for。
He gave the boy anapple.
→An apple wasgiven to the boy.
Her father bought hera present.
→ A present wasbought for her by her father.
(注:一般在下列动词后,常在间接宾语前用介词 to,如:
bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。
下列动词后,间接宾语前用介词 for, 如:
build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。)
三. 带复合宾语(宾语+ 宾补)的动词改为被动语态时,一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语,而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面。
We call him Xiao Wang.
→He is called XiaoWang.
He cut his hair short.
→His hair was cutshort.
They told him to helpme.
四.see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带 to,但改成被动语态后都带to。
We often hear him play the guitar.
→He is often heard to play the guitar.
They watched thechildren sing that morning.
→The children werewatched to sing that morning
作者|Sunny
公众号:初中英语语法知识点同步讲解
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