高三英语虚拟语气教案范文

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高三英语虚拟语气教案1

Teaching Goals:

I . Emotional teaching:

1. To make the Ss familiar with the great works by Shakspere and the life story of the great literaturer.

2. To instruct the Ss to analyse the desire and the greed and the greatness of the different characters . Help the Ss sort out the good qualities from the two plays.

II. Teaching aims:

1. This unit includes two scenes of the play King Lear. Ss should learn the plots by themselves after class and then put forward their questions and present their views in class.

2. Help the Ss to get rid of the hurdle of learning language and the grammer part by combining practice and extension exercises.

III. Teaching Important and difficult points:

1.How to enable the Ss have a better understandnig of the theme of the play.

2. How to instruct Ss to find approach to improving their ability, especially reading, teaching themselves

Teaching Procedures:

READING (PART 1)

WARMING UP

Complete the following love test.

1. Do you love your father?

Yes.___________

No. ___________

2. How much do you love him?

A. Very much B. So-so

C. Very little D. Not at all

3. Which of the following best describes your feeling towards your father?

A.I loves him more than my life.

B.I love him as much as I love my eyes.

C.I love him as much as I should, no more and no less.

D.I don’t know how much I love him. I have never thought about the question.

E.I don’t love him, but I don’t hate him either.

F.I hate him.

G._________ (your own sentence)

4. If you were married, whom would you love more, your wife/husband or your father?

5. If your father gave you 1,000 yuan on condition that you tell him that you love him very much, would you say so?

Yes._______ No. _________

6. If you could choose a father, which would you choose?

A. A father who was very rich but didn’t love you.

B. A father who had no money but loved you very much.

PRE-READING

Glance quickly through Part 1 of the play and answer the following questions.

1. List the characters who appear in this part of the play.

King Lear, Goneril, Regan, Cordelia,

the Dukes of Albany and Cornwall,

the Duke of Kent

2. Which of the characters do you think are shown in the picture on Page 11.

King Lear and his three daughters----Goneril, Regan, Cordelia

WHILE-READING

3.1 Read the play and complete the plot diagram.

A plot diagram Description

Setting

King Lear has 3 daughters. He is old and wants to divide his kingdom among his daughters. He is going to do this through a “love test”.

Conflict

Flattery vs honesty; words vs action

Rising action His first two daughters flatter him with nice words, but the youngest daughter insists on telling the truth.

Climax

Hearing the truth, the king gets very angry. He gives all his land to the first two daughters and leaves nothing to the youngest one.

3.2 Read the play again, and complete the following main points.

MAIN POINTS:

King Lear gave away his land to his daughters according to how much they ________him.

1 King Lear wants to ______ and decides to ______ his land to three daughters.

2 He wants to know ____ ________ they love him.

3 Goneril and Regan make the king _________by saying they love him very much. They ______ the land

4 Cordelia makes the king angry by being _________ and not _________ him. She gets ________.

5. Kent, the servant, makes the king _________ by defending Cordelia and begging the king to listen to the _______.

3.3 Choose the proper words to describe the Characters’ Personality.

Honest loyal hot-headed truthful deceitful hard-hearted respectful

corrupt greedy Innocent foolish cunning bad-tempered loving

Characters Personality

King Lear Hot-headed, hard-hearted, foolish, bad-tempered

Goneril Deceitful, corrupt, greedy, cunning

Regan Deceitful, corrupt, greedy, cunning

Cordelia Honest, truthful, loving, innocent

Kent Loyal, respectful, honest, truthful

EXPLANATION

1. hand over 移交;让与

to hand over command of a ship

移交军舰的指挥权

The pickpocket was handed over to the police.

扒手被送-方。

hand down 传给后代

= hand on, pass down

This pair of bracelets were handed down from my greatgrandmother.

这副手镯是我曾祖母传下来的。

hand on 1)传递

2)把…传下来 (= hand down)

Please read this and hand it on.

请你读后加以传阅。

Please read this notice and hand it on.

"请把这张通知看一下,并传阅。"

2. riches (n.) 财富，财宝，金钱。

没有单数形式。如：

Riches have wings. 钱财易散。(谚语)

She gave away all her riches. 她把自己的全部财产赠送给了别人。

3. even 在句中起强调作用，常放在行为动词之前、助动词、情态动词之后。如： In order to watch the World Cup soccer game, they even closed the sore.

为了看世界杯足球赛，他们甚至把店门关了。

I didn’t even know his name. 我甚至不知道他的名字。

Some robots can even talk to . 一些机器人甚至能和你对话。

4. It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事。

Today it is my turn to clean our classroom.今天轮到我打扫教室。

It’s your turn to recite the poem. 到你背这首诗了。

常用带turn的

Take turns doing sth. 轮流做某事。

In turn 轮流地; 挨个, 依次; 反过来

By turns 轮流地; 时而...时而...

5. be equal in 在某方面相等

如：Are men and women equal in physical strength?男人和女人在体力上相当吗?

You and I are equal in strength, but not in intelligence.你我力气相当，但智力有高下之分。

be equal to 与… 相等

They receive an income that is equal to the value of the goods they produce.他们所得的收入与他们生产的产品价值相当。

6. Try harder, Cordelia, or you may lose your share of the kingdom.

这是“祈使句+or/and +陈述句” 句型，陈述句表示结果。

Get up earlier, or you will miss the first train.早点起床，否则你会错过第一班火车。

Use your head, and you will have a way to solve the problem.动动脑筋，你就会想出解决问题的办法。

7.be a stranger to 对… 陌生，对… 没有经验，对…不习惯

He is a stranger to our country. 他不了解我们国家。

He is no stranger to hardship. 他曾历尽沧桑。

8. We’ll see if either wants to be a bridegroom when she has no riches to bring to the marriage. 我们倒要看看，她没有分毫嫁妆，谁愿意当她的新郎。

When 表示“如果，既然”之意，相当于if, since, now that.

How can he get good grades when he doesn’t study hard? 他不用功的话

Why does she always drive to work when she could easily take the bus?

9. But sir,please hear me out. I speak on behalf of Cordelia.

但是，先生，请听我说完。让我代表科迪莉亚说几句。

hear sb out 听某人说完

Don’t interrupt, just hear me out.别打扰我，听我说完。

Sorry, I wish I had time to hear you out, but could you make your story shorter?我真希望我有时间听你说完，你能不能把故事缩短些?

on behalf of 代表，为了…的利益

I am writing this letter on behalf of my mother, who wants to thank you for your nice gift.我代表我的妈妈写这封信，她要感谢你送的精美礼物。

They are collecting on behalf of charity.他们以慈善的名义集资。

10. Cordelia’s devotion to Your Majesty is beyond question. 科迪莉亚对陛下的爱是毋庸置疑的。

Beyond question = cannot be doubted 不用怀疑的，毋庸置疑的

His honesty is beyond question. 他的忠诚是毋庸置疑的。

out of question 毫无疑问 out of the question不可能, 不容讨论

11. I would rather lose my life than see you make such a mistake. 我宁愿丢了性命也不愿看到你犯这样的错。

would rather … than … 宁愿 … 而不 …

I would rather stay at home than go to cinema?我宁愿待在家里也不去看-?

Would rather die than surrender.

宁死不投降。

12. I will have you killed. 我叫人杀了你。

have / get … done 1)叫别人做某事(= ask sb to do sth )

We’ve just had the house decorated.我们刚叫人把房子装修了一下。

Doesn’t Mike look smart? He has had that suit made specially for the wedding.迈克看上去很潇洒，是吧?他那身西装是专为婚礼而定做的。

2) 遭受某种不幸

I had my watch stolen last night. 昨晚我的手表被偷了。

Mind you. It's easy to have your pocket picked in a big crowd.

"请注意,在人群中你衣袋内的东西是很容易被人扒窃的。"

HOMEWORK

1. Act the play out with your mates.

2. Complete the exercises in Comprehending and Learning about Language.

READING AND SPEAKING (PART 3)

1. WARMING UP

Predict what will happen when Lear begins living with his daughter, Goneril?

2.READING

2.1. Read the 3rd part and check your prediction.

2.2. Read the play again and complete the Information Card.

2.3. Try to find the proper adverbials to describe Goneril’s treating Lear.Disrespectfully, rudely, coldly

3. EXPLANATION

1. Ok,Caius, I’ll give you a trial. And if you prove to be good at your job, I’ll keep you on as my servant.

give sb a trial 试用某人

I did well in the job interview and they decided to give me a trial. 由于我在求职面试中发挥出色，他们决定试用我。

He is capable man. It would be a mistake not to give him a trial. 他是精明能干的人。不给他试用机会是不对的。

keep sb on = continue to employ someone 继续留用

How many people will be kept on by the company? 有多少人会被公司留用?

You’re not fit for the job. We can’t keep you on.你不适合这个工作，我们不能继续留用你。

She’s a smart girl. It’s a pity that they don’t keep her on.她是个挺聪明有女孩子。他们不继续留用她，真可惜。

2. Sir, I am sorry, to tell you this, but it seems to me that you are not being treated with the respect due to a king. 先生，我很遗憾地告诉你，我觉得你没有受到像一个国王应该受到的尊敬和礼遇。due 在句中之意是：应得的，应给的。

还可表示：应支付的，适当的，预定的，到期的

A great deal of money is due to you. 应当付你一大笔钱。

After due consideration, they decided to retreat.他们经过适当考虑后决定撤退。

When is your baby due? 你的孩子预计什么时候出生。

These library books are due next month.这些图书馆的图书下个月到期应还。

3. I suspect the same, but I keep telling myself it was my imagination. 我曾这样怀疑过，但我不断告诉自己说，这只是我的想象罢了。

suspect 怀疑，猜想，后接名词或从句

He seems poor, but I suspect that he has quite a lot of money.

他看上去很穷，可是我怀疑他很有钱。

Don’t suspect my loyalty. 不要怀疑我的忠诚。

4. Is it any wonder that I frown when your soldiers are continually drinking and fighting?我皱眉有什么好奇怪的?你的卫兵老是酗酒斗殴。

Is it any wonder (that)…? = It is no/little wonder (that) … “不奇怪，不足为奇”。 With such talented players,is it any wonder they won?他们捅有如此优秀的运动员，获胜就不足为奇了。

Is it any wonder that he speaks good English after living in the US for many years.他在美国生活了很多年，英语说得很好，这难道有什么好奇怪的吗?

continually 和continuously 的区别

两者均可表示“连续的，不间断地”，但前者表示“一段时间内多次发生”、“时断时续”或“中断时间很短而以接连发生”;而后者指“连续不断地，不停歇地”The telephone has be ringing continually in the office all morning.

整个早上办公室的电话铃声不断。

The telephone rang continuously for five minutes.电话铃声连续响了五分钟。5. I suggest you teach them how to behave properly.

我建议你还是教教他们怎样守规矩。

behave (vi) 举动，举止，行为表现。可以用副词修饰。

The boy behaved very well last night.这个男孩昨天晚上的表现挺好。

The child behaved badly at the party.那孩子在聚会上的表现很差。

behave 还可作及物动词，但它只能接反身代词，behave oneself.

Please behave yourself.举止要得体

The children behaved themselves at the party. I’m proud of them.

孩子们在聚会上举止得体，我为他们而感到骄傲。

I suggest 后接的宾语从句，谓语动词用should + 动词原形，should可省略.

在动词suggest，order，demand，propose，request，command，insist等后的宾语从句中，用虚拟语气(即Should+动词原形或只用动词原形)来表示愿望、建议、命令、请求等。I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting tonight.我建议我们今晚开个会。

They insisted that he (should) begin the work at once.

他们坚持让他立刻开始工作。

He ordered that all (should) take part in the work.

他下令所有的人都要参加这项工作。6. I won’t stay here to be insulted. 我不会呆在这里受辱。

不定式在句末多作结果状语，表示预料之外的结果，且常与only连用。

He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.他搬起了石头，结果砸了自己的脚。

The news reporters hurried to the airport, only to be told that the film stars had left.当记者赶到机场时，却被告知-明星已经走了。

4 HOMEWORK

1 Act the play out with your partners.

2 Complete the exercises on page 19.

LEAD-IN

In Part 2 of the play, King Lear asks the Duke of Burgundy and the King of France whether they still want to marry Cordelia. What do you think the two men will say?

LISTENGIN

2.1 Listen to the tape to check your predictions with your partners.

Listen the tape again and answer the following questions.1)What does Lear tell the two men?

2)What did Lear originally promise if one or the other married Cordelia?

3)Do you think Cordelia’s inheritance is important to the Duke of Burgundy? Do you think it is also important to the King of France?4)What does the King of France think might be the reason for Lear turning against his daughter?

5)what does Cordelia say to explain her father’s decision?

6)What does Cordelia ask of her sisters just before she leaves for France?7)How do the sisters react to her request?

8)At the end of Part 2, what are the sisters worried about and why?

9)What do you think they will do next?2.3 Answer the questions in Ex. 2 and check the answers with your partners.

Q1: Lear tells them that Cordelia is no longer going to have part of his kingdom. She will be a poor woman when she marries.

Q2: Burgundy says he cannot marry her after all.Q3: France asks Lear what Cordelia has done to turn him against her. Cordelia explains she has done nothing bad, just hasn’t found the words to tell her father how much she loves him.

Q4: France decides to marry Cordelia even without her part of the kingdom.

Read the questions in Ex.3 and discuss them in groups, then report your discussion.N =Narrator B=Burgundy C=Cordelia L=Lear F=King of France R=Regan G=Gaoneril

N: After the king’s harsh words to him, Kent sadly leaves the room. Just as he goes, the King of France and the Aduke of Burgundy enter, both these gentlemen want to marry Cordelia.

L:Ah, come here Burgundy. I have sth. to tell you. I no longer care for my daughter and she is to leave my castle a ploor woman. She will have none of my riches when she marries you.

B:That was not our agreement, sir.

L:Well,it is now.

B:I am sorry but I cannot marry her under these circumstances.

L: Fine, then don’t. And you, France. Are you willing to marry this daughter whom I hate?

F:I don’t understand. Yesterday Cordelia was your favourite. She was the child of your old age, the best, the dearest of your daughters. She must have done something most terrible to turn you against her.

C:Your Majesty. I have committed no murder or any other dishonourable act. It

is simply that I could not find the words to tell my father how much I love him.

L:It would have been better if you had never been born than you had displeased me so much.

F: is this her only fault?why ,then I shall marry her and take her to France where she will be my queen.

L:Take her, for she is no daughter of mine.come Burgundy. I do not want to look any longer at her face.

N:The King and Burgundy leave together with the Dukes o Albany and Cornwall.

C:Sisters, goodbye. I pray that your grand speeches have some truth in them and that you will be kind to my father.

R:Don’t tell us what to do.

G:Yes, mind your own business and look after your husband.

N:Cordelia and the King of France leave.G:Sister, our father is much changed. He always loved Cordelia best yet see how quickly he threw her out.

R:Yes, I think he is becoming unwise in his old age.

G:Well, he was always quick-tempered but now he is becoming far worse, I think we had better find some way of making sure he can’t cause us any problems.R:Yes, Let’s think about it.

N:Regan and Goneril leave.

高三英语虚拟语气教案2

Ⅰ.用方框中词组的适当形式填空

Hand over　care for　speak out　pack up　give away

1.I’m about to __________ my things and go home.

2.Colin Lamb __________ responsibility for this project to him yesterday.

3.She thinks no one knows how much she likes him,but her face when I said he’d be there really __________.

4.The children __________ by a relative at the moment.

5.If no one has the courage __________ against the system things will never improve.

答案：1.pack up　2.handed over　3.gave her away　4.are being cared for　5.to speak out

Ⅱ.句子翻译

1._____________(正如我刚才所说),I think the proposal needs further consideration.

答案：As I was just saying

2.I told him he could _____________ (任意挑选他喜欢的座位).

答案：choose whichever seat he liked

3.I _____________ (厌倦了)your gossiping.Please keep quiet.

答案：have had enough of

4.After reading,please _____________ (把书放回原处).

答案：put back the books where they are

5.She _____________(宁愿受穷)than be a thief.

答案：would rather live a poor life

Ⅲ.单项填空

1. _____________ with a difficult situation,Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.

A.To face B.Having faced

C.Faced D.Facing

答案：C

2.The storm left, _____________ a lot of damage to this area.

A.caused B.to have caused

C.to cause D.having caused

答案：D

3.While watching television, _____________.

A.the doorbell rang

B.the doorbell rings

C.we heard the doorbell ring

D.we heard the doorbell rings

答案：C

4.“You can’t catch me!” _____________ Janet shouted,away.

A.run B.running

C.to run D.ran

答案：B

5. _____________ into use in April 2000,the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdown.

A.Put B.Putting

C.Having put D.Being put

答案：A

6.More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, _____________ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.

A.taking B.taken

C.having taken D.having been taken

答案：A

7.He glanced over at her, _____________ that though she was tiny,she seemed very well put together.

A.noting B.noted

C.to note D.having noted 

答案：A

8.When _____________ help,one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.”

A.offering B.to offer

C.to be offered D.offered

答案：D

Ⅳ.根据课文内容用适当的词填空(每空一词)

King Lear,who had three daughters, _____________ old and tired.He had decided _____________ and divided the kingdom into three parts.But he was going to give the best part for _____________ of them had the most devotion for him.Goneril and Regan,who won his trust by _____________ words and flattery,got their parts;while Cordelia,the _____________ daughter,who had angered King Lear by truthful _____________,was deprived of her share.She had to _____________ her kingdom and traveled across the sea to France.The King then _____________ his kingdom between his two elder daughters,only keeping a hundred soldiers to care for and _____________ him.

King Lear went to live his eldest daughter.But she began _____________ him disrespectfully.King Lear was so angry that he decided to leave and go to the castle of his other daughter,Regan.

答案：was growing;to retire;whichever;fancy;youngest;honesty;leave;divided;protect;treating

我综合我发展

Ⅰ.听力

第一节

请听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出答案，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

1.What do we know about Bill?

A.He will finish the paper soon.

B.He’s not going to write the paper.

C.He seldom complete his work early.

2.Where does the conversation most probably take place?

A.In a hotel.

B.In a hospital.

C.In an office building.

3.What does the woman want to do?

A.Carry the box downstairs.

B.Put the box in a low position.

C.Move the box to the upper shelf.

4.What do we know about the population of the city?

A.It has increased.

B.It has stayed the same.

C.It has decreased.

5.What has caused the sales volume to go down?

A.Low production.

B.Poor management.

C.Foreign competition.

听力原文及答案：

(Text 1)

W:Do you know if Bill has finished his research paper on computers?

M:I don’t think so.He always seems to put things off until the last minute.

(Text 2)

M:Hi,Helen.It’s my turn now.Is there anything that needs my attention today?

W:Yeah.Mr Kent is getting worse.Here’s my report.

M:OK.I’ll pay close attention to him.

(Text 3)

W:Could you lend me a hand,please?

M:I’d be glad to.Where will you put this heavy box?

W:Down on the bottom shelf,then it won’t fall and hurt anyone in sudden events such as earthquakes.

(Text 4)

W:I think the population of this city has got smaller in the past ten years.The streets are not as crowded as they used to be.

M:But the newspaper says there are more people living here than ten years ago.

(Text 5)

M:How is our company’s business this month?

W:Not very good.Our sales volume has dropped by 10%.

M:Why is that?

W:A German company has just opened a branch here.

答案：1~5 CBBAC

第二节

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6~7题。

6.What does the woman think of what the man said?

A.It is surprising.

B.It is discouraging.

C.It is unbelievable.

7.What do we know about the clothes the man described?

A.They will warm up when it is cold.

B.They will cool off when it is cold.

C.They have built-in air conditioners.

听第7段材料，回答第8~10题。

8.What are the two speakers mainly talking about?

A.Air pollution.

B.Transportation.

C.Road connection.

9.Why does the man think laws of car use will be made?

A.Road traffic has to be controlled.

B.There’ll be new ways of traveling.

C.More and more people enjoy air travel.

10.What does the woman think of traveling by train under the oceans?

A.It is exciting.

B.It is frightening.

C.It is unimaginable.

听第8段材料，回答第11~13题。

11.What is the probable relationship between the woman and the man?

A.Wife and husband.

B.Employer and employee.

C.Landlady and renter.

12.What does the woman want the man to do when he goes out?

A.Boil the kettle.

B.Shut the window.

C.Close the drawer.

13.What do we know about the woman?

A.She is very careful.

B.She is warm-hearted.

C.She is absent-minded.

听第9段材料，回答第14~17题。

14.What does the man probably do?

A.He’s a ticket collector.

B.He’s a jeweler.

C.He’s a policeman.

15.Where does the conversation most probably take place?

A.On a train.

B.In the street.

C.At the man’s office.

16.Why does the man stop the woman?

A.She stole something.

B.She is too rude to him.

C.She smoked in public places.

17.How does the man act toward the woman?

A.Selfishly.

B.Wrongly.

C.Politely.

听第10段材料，回答第19~20题。

18.What was done to find people’s ideas about the women’s movement?

A.A question was asked of husbands.

B.A group was set up to interview people.

C.A survey was made to both men and women.

19.Who help most at home?

A.Danish husbands.

B.British husbands.

C.Italian husbands.

20.What can we learn from what the speaker said?

A.Housework should be shared between men and women.

B.More than 50% of Danish men help in the house.

C.Danish men are more afraid of their wives.

听力原文及答案：

(Text 6)

W:It’s so cold now,but this morning it was so hot and sunny.I wish there was a way I could always be wearing the most suitable clothes for the temperature.

M:I recently read that in ten years we’ll be wearing clothes that change with the weather.

W:Oh,very funny!So we’ll be wearing huge clothes with built-in air conditioners and heaters.

M:I’m serious.Researchers will have new types of clothes made of special materials,which can store and release heat as the temperature changes.

W:Well,I never thought clothes could store heat.

(Text 7)

M:Talking about the 21st century.I think there’ll be huge changes in the way people use cars.Laws will be made about what kind of car you can own and when you can use it.

W:Maybe there’ll just be too many of them on the roads.The air will be so seriously polluted that nobody will be able to breathe normally.

M:Exactly.People will have to rely on trains.

W:Why do you say that?

M:Well,we won’t be able to use cars,and the airports take too much space.That leaves trains.

W:Huh.So do you think there’ll be more efficient train systems between cities?

M:Sure.They’ll enable people to travel between cities in a matter of hours.There may even be trains going under oceans to connect the main continents.

W:Under the oceans?Get out of here!I get nervous enough flying on a plane.

(Text 8)

M:Well,it’s a nice room.Um...is there anything that I should know?

W:Well,I don’t allow the cat to go upstairs at all.And I don’t allow people to smoke in the bedroom.

M:Oh,I agree with that.I don’t smoke anywhere.

W:And I don’t allow people to stick pictures up on the walls.

M:Oh,I see.Can I use small nails or something?

W:Oh yes.Something like that is quite acceptable.And there’re just two more things if you don’t mind.If you go out,would you please remember to close the window?

M:Right.I’ll do that.

W:And there’s the kettle,as you can see.When you boil it,could you please put it on the floor and not on the chest of drawers?

M:All right.I’ll do that then.

(Text 9)

M:Excuse me,madam.

W:Yes?

M:Would you mind letting me take a look in your bag?

W:Well,I’m afraid I certainly do mind,if it’s all the same to you.Now go away.Hey,taxi!I’ve got a train to catch.

M:I’m sorry.I’m just trying to do my job but I’m afraid you’re making it rather difficult.However,I must insist on seeing what you have in your bag.

W:And what do you expect to find in there?Jewels?

M:Madam,if there’s nothing that doesn’t belong to you,you can leave right away and I’ll apologize for the inconvenience.

W:Oh,very well.There you are.

M:Thank you.And ten men’s watches?

W:Yes.I get very nervous if I don’t know the time.

M:I see you smoke a lot,too,madam.Fifteen cigarette lighters.

W:Yes,I’m rather a heavy smoker.And...and I happen to collect lighters.

M:I bet you do,madam.Well,I’m afraid I’m going to have to ask you to come along with me.

W:How dare you!I...

(Text 10)

W:Good morning and welcome to the Life review.Do you know how many men do housework?Recently,a European official group tried to discover what people’s ideas were about the women’s movement.As part of their survey,they asked many men and women the question,“Who does the housework?” The man answered very differently from the women!The housework they asked people about was:preparing meals,washing dishes,cleaning the house and baby-sitting.48% of British husbands said they did this kind of work.51% of Danish men said they helped in the house.15% of Italian men said they did the housework.But there was an interesting point of view from the wives.According to British wives,only 38% of their husbands help in the house.And Italian wives complained that their husbands hardly ever help.The Italian and British men didn’t tell the truth!The group found that Danish men were the most truthful husbands.Their answers were the same as their wives’.

答案：6~10 CABAB11~15 CBACB16~20 ACCAB

Ⅱ.单项填空

1.It is not the job of the investigating committee to ___________ blame ___________ individuals.

A.allocate;to B.allocate;for

C.allocate;/ D.allocate;at 

答案：A　allocate sth. to sb.为固定词组，表示“把……分配给……”。

2.Don’t you just adore ___________ in a hot bath?

A.to lie B.lying

C.lay D.lain 

答案：B　adore doing sth.表示“喜欢做某事”。

3.Oil prices are ___________ to increase by less than 20% this year.

A.forecasting B.forecast

C.to be forecasted D.to be forecasting 

答案：B　此处为被动结构，即be+动词的过去分词形式。forecast的过去分词形式还是forecast。

4.She is ___________ to changing the system.

A.oppose B.opposition

C.opposing D.opposed 

答案：D　此处表被动，即“别人反对她改变系统”。

5.We had to ___________ in order to pay for our children’s education.

A.sacrifice B.give sacrifices

C.make sacrifices D.take sacrifice

答案：C　make sacrifices 为固定搭配，表示“作出牺牲”。

6.The police ___________ emergencies in just a few minutes.

A.responded B.response

C.respond to D.response to 

答案：C　respond通常和介词to搭配，表示“作出反应”。

7.I demanded that John ___________ there at once.

A.go B.went

C.gone D.to go 

答案：A　demand后的宾语从句的谓语通常用(should)+动词原形。

8.The brave soldier was willing to risk ___________ his life rather than ___________ himself up to the enemy.

A.lose;give B.losing;giving

C.losing;give D.lose;giving 

答案：C　risk 后面必须跟动名词作宾语;rather than后面要跟动词原形。

9.I’m looking forward as much to her return as she herself to ___________ me.

A.have seen B.seeing

C.see D.saw

答案：B　look forward to+名词/动名词。

10. ___________ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.

A.Losing B.Having lost

C.Lost D.To lose 

答案：C　过去分词短语作原因状语。

11.European football is played in 80 countries, ___________ it the most popular sport in the world.

A.making B.makes

C.made D.to make 

答案：A　现在分词短语作结果状语。

12. ___________ his telephone number,she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.

A.Not knowing B.Knowing not

C.Not having known D.Having not known

答案：A　she和know为主动关系，且这里是现在分词短语作原因状语。

13.If ___________ the same treatment again,he is sure to get well.

A.giving B.give

C.given D.being given 

答案：C　连词与过去分词共同作条件状语。

14.Many teachers were praised at the meeting,Mr.Zhou ___________.

A.including B.being included

C.to be included D.included

答案：D　Mr.Zhou 作included的逻辑主语。

15.She asked me to help her, ___________ that she couldn’t move the heavy suitcase alone.

A.only to realize B.realizing 

C.having been realized D.realized 

答案：B　分词短语作时间状语。

Ⅲ.完形填空

Learning experiences happen to us throughout our lives.Not long ago,I had one that I would like to 　1　.I was going to Marblehead with my sailboat team.The team was racing down the highway at 85 mph 　2　,we realized we were 　3　.Luckily,we saw a rest area ahead.I had a brand-new (崭新的)$20 bill.I was so 　4　 because I had never had that kind of cash before.But spending it on 　5　 seemed like throwing it away.We all rushed into the pizza line.　6　 I got a pizza and a drink,and walked to my table.About halfway through the meal,I 　7　 I had not actually handed any money to the cashier.I had just 　8　 out,and nobody had noticed.I felt terrible.

My conscience(良心)opened its mouth and swallowed me in one big bite.I couldn’t 　9　 over it.I just couldn’t go back to the cashier and 　10　 for my stolen pizza.I was so upset that I 　11　 to give myself the pleasure of an ice cream for 　12　 that someone would say,“Hey,Jeff,why don’t you use the change 　13　 the pizza instead of that nice,new $20 bill?” I was not 　14　 of my cash now.

For the next two years,whenever I was 　15　 of the “pizza incident”,I would say to myself,“Don’t think about it...”

I have learned two things from this 　16　.Maybe I was a fool for 　17　 in to my conscience,and being too stupid to appreciate a 　18　 pizza.But the real lesson is that even if you get away from what you have done your conscience will 　19　 up with you.

This reflects the saying,“A coward (懦夫)dies a thousand deaths,a hero dies one.” I was a coward and have felt terrible about that incident at least a thousand times.If I had been a “　20　” and gone back to pay for the pizza,I would have felt a little uncomfortable about it only once,or maybe twice.

1.A.say B.talk

C.share D.explain

2.A.as B.while

C.then D.when

3.A.lost B.tired

C.hungry D.anxious

4.A.excited B.eager

C.satisfied D.encouraged

5.A.rest B.food

C.travel D.drink

6.A.Luckily B.Finally

C.immediately D.Actually 

7.A.thought B.recognized

C.noticed D.realized 

8.A.walked B.left

C.worked D.found

9.A.look B.get

C.turn D.think

10.A.ask B.pay

C.apologize D.send

11.A.refused B.wanted

C.hoped D.meant

12.A.hope B.surprise

C.anger D.fear

13.A.into B.with

C.for D.from

14.A.sure B.upset

C.proud D.pleased

15.A.warned B.reminded

C.thought D.told

16.A.experience B.experiment

C.story D.mistake

17.A.turning B.taking

C.handing D.giving

18.A.free B.cheap

C.plain D.delicious

19.A.make B.wake

C.catch D.put

20.A.coward B.fool

C.loser D.hero

答案：1.C　文章首句说“我们要从生活经历中学习经验、教训”。作者要把他的一段经历说给大家，与读者共勉。故用share。

2.D　when为并列连词，表示“这时”，相当与and then。

3.C

4.A　自己有一张以前从未有过的钞票，所以心情激动。

5.B

6.B　上一句“We all rushed into the pizza line”说明吃饭的人多，需要等候，用finally表明等了一些时间。

7.D　吃饭过程中就意识到自己还未付钱。

8.A　未付钱就走出快餐店。

9.B　作者受到良心的谴责，不能摆脱。get over 克服;恢复;look over 检查;turn over 翻开(过); think over 仔细考虑。

10.B

11.A　由于内心不安，我没有买冰淇淋(可能有同伴正在买)。

12.D　for fear that 是固定词组，表示“惟恐，以免”。

13.D　全句意思是“你为什么不用买比萨找回的零钱而用那张崭新的20元呢?”

14.C

15.B　remind sb. of sth.意为“提醒某人某事;使某人想起某事”。

16.A

17.D　give in to sth.意为“向……屈服”。

18.A

19.C　全句意思是“即使你远离了所做的事情，你的良心会跟着你，使你受到谴责”。

20.D　作者认为自己是个懦夫，没有成为一个勇于认错的英雄。本句用了虚拟语气，假设当时改正错误，自己内心就会不安一两次。

Ⅳ.阅读理解

Last Monday,David Nichol,Australia’s top kidney (肾)doctor,successfully removed a diseased kidney from a woman.What’s so unusual about that?David Nichol was in his office in Australia while the woman lay on an operating table in New Zealand.

What connected them was a technology called remote surgery(手术).

Remote surgery itself is not new.In 2001,a group of doctors in New York,US,removed a gall bladder (胆囊)from a patient lying in France.It was the first successful case of remote surgery used on a human across international borders.

Now,Nichol’s operation is to be the first one performed on the kidneys.Nichol used joysticks (操纵杆)to direct robotic arms in the New Zealand operating room during the two-hour operation.The joysticks and the robotic arms are linked by a computer network.Nichol could watch the robot’s work while doctors in New Zealand checked the patient and changed the instruments as needed.“Before this technology,I would have been in the operating theatre (手术室)when they were performing the operation，” Nichol said.During remote surgery,the doctor is the one in control.The robots carry out the operation using a complex method.

Doctors have found that a robot is better than a human surgeon at carrying out this difficult operation—even when it is controlled thousands of miles away.Unlike humans,robotic “arms” do not shake when they target a small piece of tissue (组织)or organ.In remote surgery such as the removal of kidney stones,the robotic arm inserts a long special needle into the patient’s body and X-rays guide it to the kidney.

Once the robotic arm has reached the hard kidney stone,the needle gets wider so that a tiny telescope can travel down it and look at the organ.Then instruments are used to break up the stone and get rid of the remaining waste.

For doctors,the technology means less stress in the operation room.And for patients,it means far less chance of suffering blood loss or damage to a nearby organ.

However,the remote surgery is not widely used because it’s still very expensive.A remote operation on a gall bladder costs more than US $1 million.A normal operation costs US $2000.It will be some time yet before the price falls and the operation is available to people throughout the world.

1.Why was this kidney operation so unusual?Because ___________.

A.remote surgery was only used on the kidney operation

B.it was a robot that was carrying out the operation

C.the patient and the doctor in control were in different countries

D.it was the first successful operation of remote surgery performed on kidneys

2.What does the underlined word “target” mean in this passage?

A.aim at B.cure

C.meet with D.get close to 

3.What is the key part of the operation of remote surgery?

A.The joysticks. B.The robot.

C.The network. D.The doctor.

4.What advantage do the operations of remote surgery have mainly?

A.The doctors are less stressed during the operations.

B.It is more convenient for doctors to perform the operations.

C.The patients will have less chance of suffering blood loss or damage to a nearby organ.

D.The robot is better than a human surgeon.

答案：1.D　主旨大意题。由第一段和第三段可知。

2.A　猜测词义题。target作名词时，表示“目标”，此处用作动词，表示“瞄准”。

3.D　远程手术是由主治大夫操作完成的。

4.C　由文章第七段可知。

One of the qualities that most people admire in others is the willingness to admit one’s mistakes.It is extremely hard sometimes to say a simple thing like “I was wrong about that,” and it is even harder to say,“I was wrong,and you were right about that.”

I had an experience recently with someone admitting to me that he had made a mistake fifteen years ago.He told me he had been the manager of a certain grocery store in the neighborhood where I grew up,and he asked me if I remembered the egg cartons(箱子).Then he related an incident and I began to remember clearly the incident he was describing.

I was about eight years old at the time,and I had gone into the store with my mother to do the weekly grocery shopping.On that particular day,I must have found my way to dairy food department where the incident took place.

There must have been a special sale on eggs that day because there was an impressive display of eggs in dozen and half-dozen cartons.The cartons were stacked (堆放)three or four feet high.I must have stopped in front of a display to admire the stacks.Just then a woman came by pushing her grocery cart and knocked off the stacks of cartons.For some reason,I decided it was up to me to put the display back together,so I went to work.

The manager heard the noise and came rushing over to see what had happened.When he appeared,I was on my knees examining some of the cartons to see if any of the eggs were broken,but to him it looked as though I was the criminal.He severely scolded me and wanted me to pay for any broken eggs.I protested my innocence and tried to explain,but it did no good.Even though I quickly forget all about the incident,obviously the manager did not.

5.The author was __________ when he wrote this article.

A.about 23 B.about 15

C.about 8 D.about 18

6.When the manager scolded him the author ___________.

A.was frightened and cried

B.did not say anything

C.felt the manager was right

D.tried to explain the incident

7.It can be inferred that the author ___________.

A.expects the woman to say sorry to him for the mistake she made

B.has forgiven the manager for what he did to him fifteen years ago

C.would like to tell people never to be fooled by an egg sale

D.regrets arguing with the manager for what he didn’t do

答案：5.A　从第二段“he had made a mistake fifteen years ago”和第三段“I was about eight years old at the time”可推断出答案。

6.D　从最后一段中的“I protested my innocence and tried to explain”可知。

7.B　文章第一段详细阐述了作者的观点:主动向别人认错是多数人佩服的品质之一。那位经理能在15年后向他认错，更加难能可贵。由此可知作者的态度。

Mom was a teacher most of her life.When she wasn’t in the classroom,she was educating her children or grandchildren:correcting our grammar,starting us on collection of butterflies,flowers or rocks;or inspiring a discussion on her most recent “Book of the Month Club” topic.Mom made learning fun.

It was sad for my three brothers and me to see her ailing in her later years.At eighty-five,she suffered a stroke and she went steadily downhill after that.

Two days before she died,my brothers and I met at her nursing home and took her for a short ride in a wheelchair.While we waited for the staff to lift her limp body back into bed,Mom fell asleep.Not wanting to wake her,we moved to the far end of the room and spoke softly.

After several minutes our conversation was interrupted by a muffled sound coming from across the room.We stopped talking and looked at Mom.Her eyes were closed,but she was clearly trying to communicate with us.We went to her side.

“Whirr,” she said weakly.

“Where?” I asked.“Mom,is there something you want?” “Whirr.” she repeated a bit stronger.My brothers and I looked at each other and shook our heads sadly.

Mom opened her eyes,sighed,and with all the energy she could muster said,“Not was.Say were!”

It suddenly occurred to us that Mom was correcting brother’s Jim’s last sentence,“if it was up to me...”

Jim leaned down and kissed her cheek.“Thanks,Mom,” he whispered.We smiled at each other and once again shook our heads this time in awe of a remarkable teacher.

8.When Mom said,“Whirr”,what did she really want to do?

A.She wanted to tell her sons her will.

B.She wanted to have something to eat before she died.

C.She wanted to correct the mistakes Jim made while talking.

D.She wanted to teach her sons more because she was dying.

9.Which of the following statements is NOT right?

A.Mom was a good teacher and never wanted to stop her teaching.

B.Mom was always making her teaching fun.

C.Mom didn’t forget her teaching until she died.

D.Mom was no longer a teacher when she was at home.

10.What does the writer think of his mother?

A.He loved her but was tired of his mother’s teaching at home.

B.His mother should forget her teaching and enjoyed the rest of her life.

C.His mother was great because she devoted herself to teaching.

D.His mother was an excellent teacher before she was retired.

答案：8.C　文章第七、八两段点明了母亲的意图。

9.D　母亲离开讲台后在家里教育子女，直至生命尽头。D项与此不符。

10.C　作者对母亲献身教育的崇敬贯穿全文。第一段有“Mom made learning fun”，最后一段有“this time in awe of a remarkable teacher”。

Ⅴ.短文改错

此题要求改正所给短文的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断:如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个(√);如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按情况改正:

此行多一个词:把多余的词用斜线(\\)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

此行缺一个词:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

此行错一个词:在错的词下画一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意:原行没有错的不要改。

Last night when Jim was going over his lesson,his grandma 1._________

came into her room and chatted with him for a while.Then 2._________

she got up from the sofa and wanted go to her bedroom. 3._________

And suddenly she fell down to the ground.Jim was very 4._________

frightened.Knew her heart trouble must have come again, 5._________

he quickly phoned nearest hospital for help.Before the 6._________

doctors came,he helped his grandma lay on her back and 7._________

comfort her,which made her feel better.Soon help came 8._________

in and his grandma was sent to hospital at once.One doctor 9._________

said Jim had done the right thing and actually saved her life. 10._________

答案：1.lesson→lessons　lesson为可数名词，此处指“几门功课”。

2.her→his　Jim 为男孩名。

3.wanted 后加to　want to do...意为“想要……”.

4.And→But　此处表示语意转折。

5.Knew→Knowing　knowing 为现在分词作状语，her heart trouble must have come again 作knowing 的宾语。

6.phoned后加 the　形容词的级前用定冠词。

7.lay→lie　lay 表示“放置”，lie表示“躺”。

8.comfort→comforted　此处为平行结构，与上一行的时态一致。

9.去掉in　came in进来，进入;本句表示“不久救援来了”。

10.√

Ⅵ.书面表达

假设你是李华。最近你班举行了一次班会，班会的主题是:太空探险的意义。请结合下表内容，用英语写一篇文章，客观地介绍讨论的情况并表达你自己的观点。

一些同学赞同一些同学反对你自己的观点

获得新知识耗资巨大 ?

从太空取得新资源宇航员的安全问题

扩大人类的生存空间

注意:1.词数:120~150。

2.标题与开头已写好，不记入总词数。

Outer Space Explorations,YES or No?

We had an argument over whether it is necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day. _________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

高三英语虚拟语气教案3

虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用

【经典例题】

1. If my lawyer _______ here last Saturday, he _______ me from going.

A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent

C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented

2. If I had worn my overcoat, I _______cold.

A. won’t have caught B .couldn’t have caught

C. won’t catch D. wouldn’t catch

3.—If he ______ , he ______ that food.

—Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.

A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have taken

C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken

4. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she _______, she would have met my brother.

A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come

【答案与解析】

1.A.本题考查虚拟语气。因为从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，故从句谓语动词用过去完成时，而主句谓语动词用would have +过去分词形式。

2.B.本题考查虚拟条件句中主句谓语动词的使用。因为从句用了过去完成时，可知主句谓语动词用would / could have +过去分词形式。根据句意，可知选B。

3.B. 根据答语，可知本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。故从句谓语动词用过去完成时，而主句谓语动词用would have +过去分词形式。

4.D. 根据句意“在会上我没有看到你的姐姐。如果她来的话，她就见到我哥哥了”可知，这是考查对过去事实的虚拟。主句用could have done，故从句谓语动词应该用过去完成时。

【重点归纳】

一、虚拟条件句的类别

虚拟条件句可分为三类：一类是叙述与现在事实相反的情况;一类是叙述与过去事实相反的情况;另一类是叙述与将来事实相反的情况。其主句和从句的谓语动词构成如下：

1. 与现在事实相反

条件从句用过去时(be动词的过去式一律用were)，主句用would (should/ might / could)+动词原形”。如：

If I were you, I would accept the invitation to the party.

如果我是你的话，我将接受去舞会的邀请。

If I knew her well, I would tell you about her.

如果我很了解她的话，我将告诉你关于她的事情。

2. 与过去事实相反

条件从句用过去完成时，主句用“would /should/ might / could + have +过去分词”, 如：

If you had been there last night, nothing would have happened.

如果你昨天晚上在那儿的话，就没有什么事情发生了。

If I had got up earlier, I would have caught the first bus.

如果我起得更早一些的话，就赶上头班车了。

3.与将来事实相反

条件从句用过去时或者“were to + 动词原形”或者“should+ 动词原形”，主句用“would (should/ might / could)+动词原形”, 如：

If it were Saturday tomorrow, we wouldn’t have an exam.

如果明天是周六的话，我们就不考试了。

If you were to visit the school tomorrow, you would see Professor Smith.

如果你明天去参观学校的话，你就会看到史密斯教授。

If it should rain tomorrow, the sports meet would be put off until next Friday.

如果明天下雨的话，运动会将被推迟到下周五举行。

【特别提示】

在虚拟条件句中，谓语动词按照“后退一步法”使用，即：与现在事实相反，从句中用一般过去时;与过去事实相反，从句中用过去完成时;与将来事实相反，从句中用过去将来时。

二、虚拟条件句中的省略与倒装

如果if虚拟条件句中有were, had, 或者should等词时，可以省略if，把这些词放在主语前，形成倒装句。如：

If I should meet her (Should I meet her), I would tell her.

如果我遇见她的话，我就告诉她。

If I were in your position (Were I in your position), I would do it better.

如果我在你的位置上，我会做得更好。

If they had made preparations (Had they made preparations), they would have succeeded.

如果他们做了准备的话，他们就已经成功了。

Grammar work语法专练

动词变形

用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. —¬ If the factory ___________ (belong) to me, I ___________ (not sell) it.

— But it isn’t yours.

2. — If you ___________ (keep) the secret, nobody ___________ (know) it.

— I’m sorry for making such a mistake.

3. If the weather were to be (be) fine tomorrow, I ______ (go) for an outing with my parents.

4. ___________ (be) I you, I would think about this problem once again.

5. ___________ (have) I had time last night, I ___________ (go) to see this wonderful film.

完成句子

根据中文提示完成下列各句。

1. 如果你年轻五岁，你该怎么办?

What ___________ you ___________, if you ___________ five years younger?

2. 如果你开车更小心一点，就不会出这样的事故。

If you ______________________ your car more carefully, such a traffic accident _________________________________.

3. 如果明天下雾，我就不能开车去购物。

If it ___________ foggy tomorrow, I ______________________ my car to go shopping.

4. 如果明天天气转晴，我们就去野餐。

If it ______________________ clear up tomorrow, we ______________________ for a picnic.

5. 如果我是一个男孩，我当然会去参军。

If I ___________ a boy, I ___________ certainly join the army.

6. 如果你是我兄弟，你也会一样对我。

If you ___________ my brother, you ___________ treat me in the same way.

7. 如果我有你这样的姐姐会非常幸福的。

I ___________ ___________ very happy, if I ___________ an elder sister like you.

8. 如果我捡到了那只钱包，一定交给失主了。

If I ______________________ up the wallet, I _________________________________ it to its owner.

9. 万一明天下大雪，一切都将被改变。

If it ___________ snow heavily tomorrow, everything ___________ be changed.

10. 如果你那天没有抽烟，火灾就不会发生。

If you ______________________ that day, the fire _________________________________ out.

Grammar quiz语法小测

测一测

选择答案。

1. He ______ you more help, even though he was very busy.

A. might have given B. might give C. should give D. may give

2. What would have happened ________ as far as the river bank?

A. Bob had walked B. if Bob should walk

C. had Bob walked D. if Bob walked

3. ________ I in your position, I would not accept the invitation.

A. Was B. Were C. Be D. Am

4. If my father ________ here the day after tomorrow, he ________ me at all.

A. came, can’t see B comes, couldn’t see

C. comes, couldn’t have seen D. came, couldn’t see

5. If it ________ to snow next week, I would not go to visit that mountain village.

A. is B. be C. were D. are

6. If it ________ rain this evening, I would not go to see this American film.

A. would B. should C. could D. might

7. __________ asked to do this, I would certainly do it in a different way.

A. Were I B. Am I C. If I am D. Was I

8. If he could help us, I am sure he ________. He’s always ready to help others.

A. should B. had C. would have D. did

9.________ her in time, she would have jumped into the river.

A. If I stopped B. Did I stop

C. If I didn’t stop D. If I hadn’t stopped

10. If I _________ ten years younger, I _________ out to try my luck.

A. am, would go B. was, will go C. were, would go D. were, would have gone

11. If you __________ my advice, you _________ such a serious mistake.

A. followed, can’t make B. followed, couldn’t have made

C. had followed, couldn’t make D. had followed, couldn’t have made

12. If I _________ that crowded bus yesterday morning, I _________ my purse with a lot of money in it.

A. didn’t take, couldn’t lose B. hadn’t taken, wouldn’t have lost

C. hadn’t taken, couldn’t lose D. didn’t take, can’t have lost

语法专练 (One possible version)

动词变形

1. belonged; wouldn’t sell 2. had kept; would have known 3. would go 4. Were 5. Had; would have gone

完成句子

1. would; do; were 2. had driven; couldn’t have happened 3. were; couldn’t drive 4. were to; would go 5. were; would 6. were; would 7. would be; had 8. had picked; would have returned 9. should; would 10. hadn’t smoked; wouldn’t have broken

语法小测

测一测 1-5 ACBDC 6-10 BACDC 11-12 DB

虚拟语气(二)

——虚拟条件句的一些特殊用法

【考点导航】

1. —My cat’s really fat. (2007浙江)

—You ______ have given her so much food.

A. wouldn’t B .couldn’t C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t

2.—How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? (2007全国卷I)

—It _____ be, but it is now heavily polluted.

A. will B. would C. should D. must

3. I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I _____ have driven her there. (2007陕西)

A. could B. must C. might D. should

【答案与解析】

1.C。shouldn’t have done表示“本来不应该做某事而实际做了”。

2.C。根据句意，“本来这个湖应该是很漂亮的，但是现在被严重污染了”可知选C。should 在这里表示“本来应该……，暗含着实际上不……”之意。

3.D。should have done表示“本应该做某事而实际上未做”，本句意为：“我告诉你朋友该怎么到达旅馆了，但是也许我应该开车把她送到那儿去”。

【重点归纳】

1. 错综时间条件句：

有时在非真实条件句中，主句谓语动词所表示的动作和条件从句中谓语动词所表示的动作并不同时发生，这时主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。如：

Had I taken my umbrella with me when I came out this morning, I should not be wet now.

如果我今天早上出来的时候带着伞的话，现在就不会淋湿了。(从句说的是过去的事情，而主句说的是现在的事情)

If you had followed the doctor’s advice, you would be all right now.

如果你(那时)听从我的建议的话，现在就不会有事了。(从句说的是过去的事情，而主句说的是现在的事情)

If I hadn’t finished my composition by now, I would be working on it tomorrow.

如果到现在为止我还没有完成作文的话，我明天还要接着写。(从句说的是现在的事情，而主句说的是将来的事情)

2.含蓄虚拟条件句：

有时一个假设的情况并不用条件从句表示，而用其它方式来表示，这样的句子叫含蓄条件句。主要有以下几种情况。

1) 用with, without，but for等介词短语来替代条件从句, 它们都可以转换成由if引导的虚拟条件句。如：

We might have died without your help. =We might have died if you hadn’t helped us.

如果(那时)没有你们的帮助，我们可能已经死了。

Without the sun, nothing would grow. = If there was no the sun, nothing would grow.

没有太阳，万物都不能生长。

2) 用or, otherwise, but that, suppose/ supposing (that), provided / providing (that) 等引导的虚拟语气。如：

You didn’t come yesterday, or you would have seen him.

你昨天没有来，否则的话，你就已经看到他了。

I was very busy last week, otherwise I would have come to see you.

我上周很忙，否则的话，我就来看你了。

Supposing I was still a little child, I would study hard from now on.

假如我还是一个小孩子的话，我将从现在开始努力学习。

3) 通过上下文来表示虚拟：这种情况下，需要加以分析。

I would have given you more money, but I was so poor then.

我(那时如果有钱的话)就可以给你更多的钱了，但是我当时太穷了。

I would have called you, but I forgot your telephone number.

我本来可以给你打电话，但是我(那时)忘了你的电话号码。

Having known the fact in time, we couldn’t have said that. = If we had known the fact in time, we couldn’t have said that.

如果我们(那时)及时知道事实的话，就不会说那件事了。

Any man in his position would have done that.

处于他那个位置的任何人都会那样做的。

4)由should +动词原形或者should/could/might have +过去分词构成的虚拟语气。

种情况下，虚拟条件句经常省略，而只剩下主句结构，如：

I should have told you that, but I was afraid that you couldn’t accept the fact.

我本应该告诉你那件事，但我担心你不能接受这个事实。

Tom, you are so lazy! This work should have been finished hours ago.

汤姆，你太懒了!这个工作本应该几个小时之前完成。

3. 在if it were/had been not for …句型中的虚拟语气

If it were not for…,表示对现在事实的假设;If it had not been for…,表示对过去事实的假设。

If it were not for the Internet, everything would be very difficult.

要不是互联网，一切都会变得很难。

Had it not been for your overcoat, I would have died.

要不是你那件大衣，我就被冻死了。

Grammar work语法专练

选择答案。

1. _________ the thick forest, we would often have to suffer from a sandstorm.

A. If it is not for B. If it were not for C Is it not for D. Was it not for

2. _________ your offer of rice and vegetables, we would have gone hungry.

A. If it hasn’t been for B. With

C. Has it not been for D. Had it not been for

3. __________ your timely and correct guidance, I couldn’t have solved the problem so smoothly.

A. Had it not been for B. Were it not for

C. If it has not been for D. If it is not for

4. Jane would have gone to Washington ________ to get a plane ticket.

A. was she able B. if she had been able C. would she be able D. if she is able

5. ________ for her encouragement, I would not have paid for that good-for-nothing huge vase.

A. Were it not B. If it is not C. Had it not been D. If they were not

6. If I ________ a lot of money like you, I ________ buy that large company.

A. had, would buy B. have, would

C. had, would have bought D. have had, would have bought

7.If she ________ my English teacher, I ________ much from her.

A. was, can learn B .is, could learn C. were, could learn D. had been, could learn

8. If I ________ out to work last year, I ________ much more money.

A. had gone, would make B. had gone, would have made

C. went, would make D. went, would have made

9.I supported him in time, otherwise he ______off the bike.

A. might fall B. would fall C. should have fallen D. would have fallen

10. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _____ in love with Mary in my hometown.

A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall

11. Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night ______.

A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing coldly

C. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly

12.— Why don’t you buy the necklace since you like it so much?

— I ______, but I don’t have the money.

A. would B. will C. should D. may

13. — Finally I got to my grandmother’s home on foot.

— Really? You ______ a ride there.

A. must have taken B. could have taken

C. shouldn’t have taken D. couldn’t have taken

14. If I had worked harder at school, I ______ in a comfortable office now.

A. would sit B. would have sat C. would be sitting D. were sitting

15. My father told me how to get here but perhaps he _____ me a map.

A. had to give B. ought to give C. must have given D. should have given

Grammar quiz语法小测

I. 请将下列句子翻译成英语。

1. 要不是你帮忙的话，我会失败的。

2. 如果不是两次考大学都失败的话，他也不会一声不吭地离家出走。

3. 如果不是你及时的支持，我就会输掉这次大选。

4. 没有这本杂志，我们打发时光就很难。

II. 根据上下文的意思，完成句子。

1. If it ______(要不是)your mobile phone, I couldn’t have got in touch with her.

2. I was really very busy that day, otherwise, I _______(就去参加舞会了).

3. _________( 要不是天气好的话), I couldn’t go climbing that day.

4. Providing that I had finished the report two days before, I ________( 就不会被开除了) now.

第16期B3版Keys:

语法专练

1-5 BDABC 6-10 ACBDB 11-15 AABCD

语法小测

I. (One possible version)

1. But for your help, I would have failed.

2. Not having failed in the college entrance examination twice, he wouldn’t have left home without saying a word.

3. If it had not been for your timely support, I would have failed in the election.

4. Were it not for this magazine, it would be difficult for us to kill the time.

II. (One possible version)

1. hadn’t been for 2. would have gone to the party 3. But for the fine weather 4. wouldn’t be fired

高三英语虚拟语气教案4

Subjunctive Mood (虚拟语气)

1.It is important that he __________ the college entrance examination.

A. should attend B. will attend C. must attend D. had to attend

8.Don’t come this morning. I would rather you________ the day after tomorrow.

A. come B. came C.are to come D. will come

3._________ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the film so often.

A.If it is not B.Were it not C. had it not been D. If they were not

4.---Did you meet with the famous space hero YanLiwei?

---________ I had come here earlier!

A.But for B.If not C. For fear D. If only

5.Without electricity human life __________ quite difficult today.

A.is B.will be C. would have been D.would be

(分析：1.A虚拟语气的一种，句式It is necessary/strange/important that …should do2.B 3.C had it not been=if it not had been 4. D. If only= I wish 要是… 该多好啊5.D)

高三英语虚拟语气教案5

一、条件句中的虚拟语气

1. 条件句中虚拟语气的形式

从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。条件句中的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有三种不同的形式。

时间从句谓语形式主句谓语形式

将来动词过去式(be用were)

should + 动词原形

were to + 动词原形

would / should / might / could + 动词原形

现在动词过去式(be 用 were) would / should / might / could + 动词原形

过去 had +动词过去分词 would / should / might / could have + 动词过去分词

2. 条件中的虚拟语气的举例

(1) 将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如：

If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上清华大学的话，他就会充分利用他的时间了。

If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要来的话，他会通知我们一声。

(2) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如：

If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话，它会帮助我们的。

If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 如果他在这所学校学习的话，它会对你很熟悉。

(3) 过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如：

If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影，我会把电影内容告诉你了。

If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早点到那儿，我就会会到了李先生。

3. 运用条件句中的虚拟语气时，须注意的几个问题

(1) 当从句的主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词若是系动词be时，可用was代替were。但在倒装虚拟结构及if I were you, as it were中，只能用were。如：

Were I ten years younger, I would study abroad. 要是我还年轻十岁的话，我会去国外学习。

If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 要是我是你的话，我要尽力抓住这次机会。

(2) 有时，虚拟条件句中，主、从句的动作若不是同时发生时，须区别对待。

①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。如：

If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会使工程师了

If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。

②从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。如：

If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经派他去北京了。

If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。

③从句的动作与过去发生的情况相反，而主句的动作与现在正在发生的情况相反。如：

If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better. 如果天不下太多的雨的话，庄家会长得更好。

If he had been working hard, he would be working in the office now. 要是他工作一直努力的话，他现在已进了办公室了。

(3) 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时，if可省略，而将were, should, had等词置于句首。如：

Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。

Were she here, she would agree with us. 如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。

Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果她懂一些电脑知识的话，我们会已经聘用他来这里工作了。

(4) 有时，句子没有直接给出假设情况的条件，而须通过上下文或其他方式来判断。如：

I would have come to see you, but I was too busy. 我本该来看你了，然而我太忙了。

But for his help, we would be working now. 要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。

Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. 要是没有你的指导，我不会取得如此大的进步。

(5) 有时，虚拟条件句中，主、从句可以省略其中的一个，来表示说话人的一种强烈的感情。

①省略从句

He would have finished it. 他本该完成了。

You could have passed this exam. 你应该会通过这次考试了。

②省略主句

If I were at home now. 要是我现在在家里该多好啊。

If only I had got it. 要是我得到它了该多好啊。

二、其他状语从句的虚拟语气

1. 目的状语从句中的虚拟语气

(1) 在for fear that, in case, lest引导的目的状语从句中，若用虚拟语气时，从句谓语为： should + 动词原形。并且 should不能省略

She examined the door again for fear that a thief should come in. 她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入。

He started out earlier lest he should be late. 他很早就出发了以防迟到。

(2) 在so that, in order that所引导的目的状语从句中，从句中的谓语为： can / may / could / might / will / would / should + 动词原形。如：

He goes closer to the speaker so that he can hear him clearer. 他走近说话的人以便能挺得更清楚。

He read the letter carefully in order that he should not miss a word. 他把信读得很仔细以便不漏掉一个单词。