小学英语学习存在的问题以及解决对策(3)

2017-12-26 18:02:24 由玉莲 1172分享

　　小学英语所有句型转换的方法

　　在几年的英语教学中，我总结了一些英语句子教学的小窍门，现简单归纳如下：

　　一、肯定句改否定句的方法：

　　1、在be动词后加not。如：is not ， are not ， am not， was not， were not;

　　2、在can，should， will等后加not。如：cannot， should not， will not;

　　3、上述都没有的，在动词前加助动词否定形式don’t/doesn’t/didn’t。

　　4、 some 改成any。

　　如： I am a girl. → I am not a girl.

　　You are a student. →You are not a student.

　　→You aren’t a student.

　　This is Tom’s bag, → This is not Tom’s bag.

　　→ This isn’t Tom’s bag.

　　答题方法是;否定词not在be后边。

　　二、肯定句改一般疑问句的方法：

　　1、把be动词放在句首，剩下的照抄，(some 改成any，I改成you，my改成your，)句点改成问号。

　　2、把can，shall， will等放到句首，剩下的照抄，(some 改成any，I改成you，my改成your，)句点改成问号。

　　3、上述都没有的，在句首请助动词Do/Does/Did帮忙，剩下的照抄，(some 改成any，I改成you，my改成your，)句点改成问号。

　　注意：句首的第一个字母要大写，句尾标点应为“?”。

　　如：

　　I am in Class 6. →Are you in Class 6?

　　You are from America. →Are you from America?

　　It is an orange. →Is it an orange?

　　答题方法是：要想提问，be提前，句末“?”别忘了。

　　4、就一般疑问句回答

　　—Are you an English teacher?→Yes, I am. /No, I am not.

　　—Is that a bird? →Yes, it is./ No, it isn’t.

　　三、对划线部分提问

　　“就划线部分提问”是小学阶段英语学习的难点，但是一旦掌握了规律，就变得容易多了。小学英语对划线部分提问之答题口诀：

　　一代：用正确的疑问词代替划线部分。

　　二移：把疑问词移至句首

　　三倒：颠倒主谓语，但对主语或其定语提问时除外(some 改成any，I改成you，my改成your)，

　　四抄：照抄句子剩余部分。

　　☆总结关键就是：“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”(即：先根据划线部分找到特殊疑问词; 再把没划线的部分变成一般疑问句的语序。)

　　★特殊疑问词的确定要根据划线内容而定,在小学阶段常出现的有以下几种：

　　1.划线部分是“事或物”，特殊疑问词用what

　　如: This is a book.

　　---What is this?

　　I often play football on Saturdays .

　　---What do you often do on Saturdays ?

　　2.划线部分是“人”，特殊疑问词用who

　　如:He is my brother. ---Who is he ?

　　3、划线部分是“地点”，特殊疑问词用where

　　如:The box is on the desk.---Where is the box ?

　　4、划线部分是“时间”，特殊疑问词用what time或when

　　如:It's seven twenty . ---What time is it ?

　　I usually get up at six . --- When do you usually get up?

　　5、划线部分是“年龄”，特殊疑问词用how old

　　如:I am twelve . ---How old are you?

　　My father is thirty-three . ---How old is your father ?

　　6、划线部分是“职业”，特殊疑问词用what

　　如:Mike is a worker. ---What is Mike ?

　　7、划线部分是“颜色”，特殊疑问词用what colour

　　如: My hat is blue . ---What colour is your hat?

　　8. 划线部分是“数量”，特殊疑问词用how many或how much

　　如:I can see five kites .---How many kites can you see ?

　　There is some milk in the glass. ---How much milk is there in the glass ?

　　9、划线部分是“多少钱”，特殊疑问词用how much

　　如:This pen is nine yuan . ---How much is this pen ?

　　10、划线部分是“形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词”，特殊疑问词用whose　　如:That is my book . ---Whose book is that ?

　　The bag is yours. ---Whose is the bag ?

　　以下口诀要牢记：

　　1.问“谁”用who;

　　2.问“谁的”，用whose;

　　3.问“地点哪里”，用where;

　　4.问“原因”，用why;

　　5.问“身体状况”，用how;

　　6.问“方式”，用how;

　　7.问“年龄”，用how old;

　　8.问“多少”，用how many;

　　9.问"价钱”用how much;

　　10.问“哪一个”，用which ;

　　11.问“什么”，用what;

　　12.问“职业”，用what;

　　13.问“颜色”，用what colour;

　　14.问“星期”，用what day;

　　15.问什么学科，用what subject;

　　16.问“什么时候”，用when;

　　17.问几点用What’s the time?或 What time is it?

　　四、同义句型转换

　　同义句型转换，是把意思相同或相近的句子用不同的词汇、短语及句型表示出来。如：

　　I’m Peter. → My name is Peter.

　　Tom is tall. →Tom isn’t short.

　　I‘m fine. →I'm all right.

　　句型转换练习

　　1.I‘m fine, thank you. And you?(改为同义句)

　　I'm all right，thanks ，what about you?

　　2.This is a bus(改为一般疑问句)

　　_____ _____ _____ _____?

　　3.Li Ping is at home today.(对划线部分提问)

　　____ _____ Li Ping today?

　　4.Mr Li is our English teacher.(对划线部分提问)

　　_____ is_____English teacher?

　　5.The jacket is red..(对划线部分提问)

　　_____ ______ ______the jacket?

　　6.I'm fine.(对划线部分提问)

　　_____ ______ ______?

　　7.This is a black pen..(对划线部分提问)

　　_____ is this?

　　句型转换：

　　1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _____________________________________________________________

　　_____________________________________________________________

　　2.The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)

　　_________________________________________________________________

　　3. Nancy is going to go camping.(改否定)

　　Nancy ________ going to go camping.

　　4. I’ll go and join them.(改否定)

　　I _______ go ______ join them.

　　5. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)

　　________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?

　　6. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.(改一般疑问句)

　　_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.

　　我们现在学过的大多数句型，在一般情况下(就是不排除有特殊情况)都可以用简单的公式来记忆。

　　1.肯定句变否定句

　　1) 主语+be动词+….

　　*I am a teacher.→ I am not a teacher.

　　He is a doctor. → He is not a doctor.

　　They are students. →They’re not students.

　　2) 主语+do动词的不同形式+….

　　I play computer games everyday. →I don’t play computer games everyday.

　　He plays computer games everyday. →He doesn’t play computer games everyday

　　We played computer games yesterday.→ We didn’t play computer games everyday

　　Exercises:肯定句变否定句：

　　1)I am in Class Four, Grade Five. _______________________________

　　2) He is funny. _______________________________

　　3) They are friends. _____________________________________

　　4) I have a pen. _________________________

　　5) He has a pencil. ________________________________

　　6) They ate breakfast yesterday. _________________________________

　　2肯定句变一般疑问句

　　1)问：be动词+主语+…?

　　答：Yes, 主语+be动词。/No, 主语+be动词+not.

　　I am a teacher. →Are you a teacher?

　　Yes, I am. No, I am not.

　　He is a doctor.→ Is he a doctor?

　　Yes, he is. No, he is not.

　　They are students. →Are they students?

　　Yes, they are. No, they are not.

　　2) 问：助动词+主语+do动词的原形+…?

　　答：Yes, 主语+助动词。/No, 主语+助动词+not.

　　I play computer games everyday.

　　→Do you play computer games everyday? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.

　　He plays computer games everyday.

　　→Does he play computer games everyday? Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t.

　　We played computer games yesterday.

　　→Did you play computer games yesterday? Yes, we did. No, we didn’t.

　　Exercises:将下列肯定句变为一般疑问句：

　　1)I am in Class Four, Grade Five. _______________________________

　　2) He is funny. _______________________________

　　3) They are friends. _____________________________________

　　4) I have a pen. _________________________

　　5) He has a pencil. ________________________________

　　6) They ate breakfast yesterday. _________________________________

　　3. 对划线部分提问：

　　1)疑问词+be动词+主语+….?

　　I am a teacher. →What are you?

　　He is a doctor.→What is he?

　　They are students. →What are they?

　　2)疑问词+助动词+主语+do动词的原形或do/be+…?

　　(答句的句式同肯定句句式)

　　I play computer games everyday. →What do you do everyday?

　　He plays computer games everyday. →What does he do everyday?

　　We played computer games yesterday. →What did you do every day?

　　Exercise对划线部分提问：

　　1)My shirt is green.

　　_______________________________

　　2) I get up at six every morning.

　　_____________________________________

　　3)My father is thirty-three

　　_____________________________________

　　4)This is my book

　　_____________________________________

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小学英语学习存在的问题以及解决对策(3)

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